Notes from the Underground (Manhattan)  (July 28th, 2005)

by Josh Nathan-Kazis


In the past week, New York City Police have begun searching the bags of straphangers entering the subways at key points throughout the system.  Outcry has issued from certain predictable corners – specifically, the civil libertarians and the Daily News, two groups that don’t agree on a single issue, but can both be relied on to object to just about everything.  In most instances, we are inclined to sympathize with civil liberitarians.  In this rare situation, it is the Daily News whose security-based concerns are much more astute.  The subway searches are very visible and yet totally ineffective measures meant to calm a jittery public.  They do nothing to confront the true security issues that abound in the subways.  Like so much else going on these days, the searches are simply a distraction meant to fool us into thinking that something is being done.

In the hours after the July 21st bombing attempts in London, when it was first announced that police would begin random bag searches on the New York City subway system, the immediate response of left-leaning New Yorkers was to focus on the impact the decision would have our civil liberties.  Within hours, the NYCLU had released a statement decrying the searches, quoting Executive Director Donna Lieberman, who said that “We are entitled to move freely around the city…The Fourth Amendment prohibits police from conducting searches where there is no suspicion of criminal activity.”  Other concerned civil libertarians pointed out that, while subway riders had been subjected to random searches before, such as during the DNC this past year in Boston, never before had there been such an open ended invasion of subway rider’s privacy, without any foreseeable terminus.  While the local news outlets showed New Yorkers in man-on-the-street interviews that the searches made them feel safer, others worried about the precedents that were being set.

These initial concerns, while understandable, were a bit misdirected.  While the searches may be invasive, they are not compulsory, and all riders have the right to refuse to be searched if they agree not to enter the subway.  While annoying, the searches are probably not the proverbial first horseman of a Fourth Amendment apocalypse.

The real danger lies in the false sense of security being deliberately fostered by the NYPD and the MTA, while the real security issues continue to be ignored.  In the New York Subway system, these issues are in plain view.  Take, for instance, the new full body turnstile gates that the MTA is using, in conjunction with automatic MetroCard vending machines, to cut costs by replacing token booths and tellers around the city.  The gates, known as high entrance/exit turnstiles, or HEETs, fully enclose the passenger who passes through them, and make turnstile jumping impossible.  At the same time, the HEETs make egress from the system a much slower process.  In the days after the London attacks, New York City Councilmember Peter Vallone, Jr. wrote a letter to the MTA, saying that the HEETs prejudiced rider safety, pointing out that “If a terrorist attack, or other disaster, occurs on our subways, our...riders will have a difficult enough time managing their way through smoke- or gas-filled tunnels without being trapped behind gates like lower-class citizens on the Titanic.”  There are currently 529 HEETs in the subway system.

The problems don’t stop at the subway entrances.  Recent articles have pointed out a small sampling: the woeful lack of protection received by the subway system’s underwater tunnels, the danger posed by the 25% of the city’s subway cars whose doors locked at both ends.

What is most frustrating about the entire situation is that, while millions of dollars are being spent on overtime salary payments  to allow the ineffective searches to be carried out, opportunities to make real advances in subway security have been wasted time and again by the MTA.  In one instance that has gained much attention in recent weeks, MTA officials spent 18 months in negotiations with the Army trying to work out plans to bring in Army engineers to install hi-tech systems to protect high risk areas of the subway system.  The plan was allowed to fall through the cracks when the point men at the MTA on the project were fired on unrelated corruption charges, and their successor lost interess.

It’s impossible not to sense the tension in the subways these days, passing through Grand Central during rush hour.  Eyes dart, people stare.  At work, colleagues talk about how they’re trying not to ride the subway so much anymore.  Something must be done.  Mayor Bloomberg and Police Commissioner Raymond Kelly can be forgiven for latching onto what might have looked for a moment like a quick fix solution.  The time has come, however, to move past such pointless distractions, and for the relevant authorities to face the genuine security issues at hand.

Read Aaron's Response to Josh


© 2004 Aaron Sussman. All rights reserved.

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